Milliken v. Bradley

Milliken v. Bradley: Background

Milliken v. Bradley: The Milliken I Ruling

Milliken v. Bradley: The Milliken II Ruling

At issue in Milliken v. Bradley, I, II (1974, 1977) was the implementation of school desegregation plans for the city of Detroit. The significance of the U.S. Supreme Court’s rulings in Milliken I and II was that the plans involved a school system that was seeking to remedy an educational system that operated under de jure, as opposed to de facto, segregation, the usual condition in northern cities.

Rachel Pereira

See also Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka; Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka and Equal Educational Opportunities; Civil Rights Movement; Dual and Unitary Systems; Federalism and the Tenth Amendment; Segregation, De Facto; Segregation, De Jure; White Flight

Further Readings

• Orfield, G., & Eaton, S. (1996). Dismantling desegregation: The quiet reversal of Brown v. Board of Education. New York: New Press.

Legal Citations

• Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka I, 347 U.S. 483 (1954).
• Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka II, 349 U.S. 294 (1955).
• Green v. County School Board of New Kent County, 391 U.S. 430 (1968).
• Keyes v. School District No. 1, Denver, Colorado, 433 U.S. 267 (1977).
• Milliken v. Bradley I, 418 U.S. 717 (1974).
• Milliken v. Bradley II, 433 U.S. 267 (1977).
• Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, 127 S. Ct. 2738 (2007).
• Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896).