Grading Practices

Grading policies and practices are time-honored traditions in higher education.

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Graduation Requirements

Graduation requirements for students in colleges and universities are established as part of the interrelationship between accrediting organizations, the federal and state governments, the courts, and institutional boards of trustees.

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Gratz v. Bollinger

Gratz v. Bollinger is a landmark 2003 judgment of U.S. Supreme Court that together with its companion case, Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), defines the circumstances under which officials at colleges and universities may consider race in making admissions decisions.

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Grove City College v. Bell

Grove City College v. Bell (1984) stands out as a dispute in which the U.S. Supreme Court restricted the application of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 at a private college that accepted no direct federal funding on its own but had large number of students who received federally funded grants.

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Grutter v. Bollinger

Grutter v. Bollinger (2003) is a landmark judgment of the U.S. Supreme Court that together with its companion case, Gratz v. Bollinger, clarifies the circumstances under which college and university officials may consider race in admissions actions.

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Hate Crimes

The presence of bias-motivated crime, or hate crime, on college and university campuses is a reality in today’s cultural landscape.

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